Overview of Sociologys Conflict Theory

Review of Sociologys Conflict Theory Struggle hypothesis expresses that pressures and clashes emerge when assets, status, and force are unevenly dispersed between bunches in societyâ and that these contentions become the motor for social change. In this unique circumstance, influence can be comprehended as control of material assets and aggregated riches, control of governmental issues and the establishments that make up society, and ones economic wellbeing comparative with others (decided by class as well as by race, sex, sexuality, culture, and religion, in addition to other things). Karl Marx A house might be enormous or little; as long as the neighboring houses are moreover little, it fulfills all social prerequisite for a home. However, let there emerge close to the little house a castle, and the little house psychologists to a hovel. Pay Labor and Capital (1847) Marxs Conflict Theory Strife hypothesis began in crafted by Karl Marx, who concentrated on the causes and results of class struggle between the bourgeoisie (the proprietors of the methods for creation and the business people) and the low class (the common laborers and poor people). Concentrating on the monetary, social, and political ramifications of the ascent of private enterprise in Europe, Marx guessed that this framework, prefaced on the presence of a ground-breaking minority class (the bourgeoisie) and an abused lion's share class (the low class), made class struggle in light of the fact that the interests of the two were in conflict, and assets were shamefully conveyed among them. Inside this framework an inconsistent social request was kept up through ideological compulsion which made consensusand acknowledgment of the qualities, desires, and conditions as controlled by the bourgeoisie. Marx hypothesized that crafted by delivering agreement was done in the superstructure of society, which is made out of socialâ institutions, political structures, and culture, and what it created accord for was the base, the financial relations of production.â Marx contemplated that as the financial conditions declined for the low class, they would build up a class awareness that uncovered their misuse on account of the rich entrepreneur class of bourgeoisie, and afterward they would revolt, requesting changes to smooth the contention. As per Marx, in the event that the progressions made to pacify strife kept up an industrialist framework, at that point the pattern of contention would rehash. Notwithstanding, on the off chance that the progressions made another framework, similar to communism, at that point harmony and strength would be accomplished. Advancement of Conflict Theory Numerous social scholars have based on Marxs struggle hypothesis to reinforce it, develop it, and refine it throughout the years. Clarifying why Marxs hypothesis of upheaval didn't show in his lifetime, Italian researcher and activist Antonio Gramsciâ argued that the intensity of belief system was more grounded than Marx had realizedâ and that more work should have been done to defeat social authority, orâ rule through presence of mind. Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno, basic scholars who were a piece of The Frankfurt School, concentrated their work on how the ascent of mass culturemass delivered workmanship, music, and mediacontributed to the upkeep of social authority. All the more as of late, C. Wright Mills attracted on strife hypothesis to portray the ascent of a small force first class made out of military, monetary, and political figures who have controlled America from the mid-twentieth century. Numerous others have attracted on strife hypothesis to create different kinds of hypothesis inside the sociologies, including women's activist hypothesis, basic race hypothesis, postmodern and postcolonial hypothesis, strange hypothesis, post-basic hypothesis, and speculations of globalization and world frameworks. In this way, while at first clash hypothesis portrayed class clashes explicitly, it has loaned itself throughout the years to investigations of how different sorts of contentions, similar to those commenced on race, sex, sexuality, religion, culture, and nationality, among others, are a piece of contemporary social structures, and how they influence our lives. Applying Conflict Theory Strife hypothesis and its variations are utilized by numerous sociologists today to consider a wide scope of social issues. Models include: How todays worldwide free enterprise makes a worldwide arrangement of intensity and inequality.How words assume a job in recreating and legitimizing conflict.The causes and results of the sexual orientation pay hole among people. Updatedâ by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction

The degree of the precision of the film was amazing. To have the whole movie’s discourse be in Aramaic was the most amazing thing. Prior to watching the film I however that Mel Gibson may slaughter the story by overstating or distorting parts of it yet he genuinely stuck to the memorable Biblical adaptation. The main thing that wasn’t precisely known to be genuine is the possibility of Lucifer appearing to Jesus all through his trial yet I would think that its entirely conceivable that Lucifer be there watching Jesus endure. The meaning of against Semitism is antagonistic vibe toward or oppression Jews as a strict, ethnic, or racial gathering. Does this film lead me to these emotions? In many manners, no. Be that as it may, being a Christian viewing the Jewish esteemed ministers and hordes of Jewish individuals condemning Jesus to his repulsive passing, I experienced disdain towards those individuals. Do I feel like the Jewish people group of today is in any case answerable for what was the deal? No. Thus, I would contend that you needed to have entered the film with sentiments of Anti-Semitism to have the option to have left with those emotions. I felt that to the extent the issue of the violence of the film, I comprehend why Mel Gibson felt it was important. To the extent precision goes, that is the route we as Christians trust it played out. This was a route for society to see what Jesus experienced for us, to what agonizing torment he languished over our wrongdoings. How or what other place would there be a superior scene then through this film for all of us to see the torment and be somewhat lowered about our own trivial grievances. From multiple points of view I felt like he took it somewhat far to the point that I didn’t need to observe yet then I understood in the event that he endured that much couldn’t I distress myself marginally and watch it? My own response towards the film was sure and overpowering. It was extremely peculiar to see the story become animated on film. I felt somewhat discouraged a while later. I felt that the entertainer who played Jesu... Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction The degree of the exactness of the film was fantastic. To have the whole movie’s exchange be in Aramaic was the most mind blowing thing. Prior to watching the film I however that Mel Gibson may slaughter the story by misrepresenting or adulterating parts of it yet he really stuck to the memorable Biblical form. The main thing that wasn’t precisely known to be genuine is the possibility of Lucifer appearing to Jesus all through his difficulty however I would think that its entirely conceivable that Lucifer be there watching Jesus endure. The meaning of hostile to Semitism is antagonistic vibe toward or victimization Jews as a strict, ethnic, or racial gathering. Does this film lead me to these emotions? In many manners, no. Be that as it may, being a Christian viewing the Jewish devout ministers and hordes of Jewish individuals condemning Jesus to his appalling demise, I experienced scorn towards those individuals. Do I feel like the Jewish people group of today is in at any rate answerable for what was the deal? No. Thus, I would contend that you needed to have entered the film with sentiments of Anti-Semitism to have the option to have left with those emotions. I felt that to the extent the issue of the bloodiness of the film, I comprehend why Mel Gibson felt it was important. To the extent exactness goes, that is the route we as Christians trust it played out. This was a path for society to see what Jesus experienced for us, to what agonizing agony he languished over our wrongdoings. How or what other place would there be a superior scene then through this film for every one of us to see the torment and be somewhat lowered about our own negligible grumblings. From numerous points of view I felt like he took it somewhat far to the point that I didn’t need to observe yet then I understood in the event that he endured that much couldn’t I inconvenience myself marginally and watch it? My own response towards the film was certain and overpowering. It was extremely weird to see the story become animated on film. I felt somewhat discouraged a short time later. I felt that the on-screen character who played Jesu...

Richmond Park - Playground & Horse Track Management plan Research Paper

Richmond Park - Playground and Horse Track Management plan - Research Paper Example Generally significant of these are the genuine physical changes of the recreation center contributed by extra establishment of offices, structures and the development of extra trees and creatures. For example, seepage has been included and that structures are continually being constructed, remodeled or torn down as new substitutions are raised. The recreation center has likewise observed monstrous tree planting activities, the presentation of deer cultivating and game conservation. By the turn of the twentieth century, the recreation center has been opened to general society and the following change during this period was for the most part done to oblige the attack of individuals and traffic. These changes, nonetheless, were constantly dedicated to what the recreation center has rely on in long periods of presence. In 1843, Rowton remarked that â€Å"the express calmed and isolation that reigns in its far off breaks †the poetical character of its view, its softy expanding yards , its respectable trees, its peaceful lakes, and the groups of deer that meander, its honorable trees, its serene lakes, and the crowds of deer†¦ all consolidate to render it a spot to the individuals who might see nature in her bright and idyllic garb.† (p187) This perception despite everything sounds valid today. Because of the fastidious administration of the progressive park organizations in spite of the various issues and difficulties they looked during their occasions. One could consider the Richmond Park’s consistent improvement as some type of development that is required all together for this exceptional open space to endure. Surely, today is still particularly being used and is really considered by numerous individuals as an island of characteristic scene, and a leftover of old England, meriting acknowledgment and safeguarding. The progressions have been and will be suffered through the activities guided by the progressive administration plans, for exampl e, the one being laid out by this paper. Presentation: Today, Richmond Park is as yet the biggest of all the Royal Parks in the United Kingdom possessing in excess of an aggregate of 955 hectares. It is arranged in South-West London in Richmond-upon-Thames. The external edges of the parkland are flanked by generally private and business zones, notwithstanding other open spaces, for example, the nearby Boroughs and the Wimbledon Common Conservators. Its principle utility lies in its offices for detached diversions and exercises for guests. For instance, the recreation center gloats of an instructive focus, bistro, greens, expressive dance school, a few refreshment focuses and the Pembroke Lodge, which could suit staying guests too the individuals who need to profit of its meeting offices. Underscore that the Park is a piece of the chains of spaces that are available to the general population, deliberately set in West London. The Park is additionally a universally huge area in view of its inclination preservation esteem. It is explicitly perceived for its work on untamed life, especially in territories of asylums, the protection of its fields just as its current havens for biodiversity. As of now, it has various nearby and national assignments, for example, being a piece of the English Heritage Register of Parks and Garden of Special Interest, a Site of Specific Scientific

Project Plan - Landscapers Association - Free Essay Example

Case Study Project à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Project Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Landscapersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Association of New South Wales Project Management Plan Centralised Database Records Management System Landscapersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Association of New South Wales Project Management Plan Centralised Database Records Management System Restructure the Associationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s current record keeping functions and implement a centralised database records system to give all staff access to the same information from individual workstations. Project Objective To develop a centralised database records system to significantly speed up information flow throughout the organisation and thereby resulting in more time for staff to proactively pursue tasks that will enhance and develop the Associationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s service to its members. AGGREGATE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN The Aggregate Project Management Plan cons ists four strategies: the Project Management Plan Flow Chart, GANTT Chart, and comprehensive Project Management Plans. The three strategies are the core, inter-dependent working components of the project portfolio. A fourth strategy is used to manage the on-going Program for monitoring, maintenance, evaluation, and effectiveness of the new database records system. Project Management Life Cycle The Project Management Life Cycle is a process map to assist in understanding the life cycle of the project. The key lesson is to recognise that each step depends on it predecessor. To manage the project successfully, each step must be completed in order: Define Plan à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Loopà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Executive Adjust Monitor Complete Evaluate Celebrate Essential Components for Effective Project Management Detailed Activity for each Plan and Phase Correct Sequencing Estimated timeframe for each Activity Responsibility for each Activity The four Aggregate Project Plan strategies or processes are summarised as follows. Project Management Plan Flow Chart The Project Management Flow Chart details the eight key Project Management Plans and the major tasks for implementation in each Plan. Full detail on deployment of each task, staff/ department/ Supplier responsibility, estimated duration, any predecessors, timeframe, and milestones is shown in the GANTT Chart. GANTT Chart The GANTT Chart addresses each Plan and identifies essential Tasks, staff responsibility, predecessors, and timeframe in each step of the Plan. Project Management Plans Initial Phase Plan Once the Project Supplier is determined, Project Plan and Procedures are determined addressing the following key objectives: Project Start Date Project Completion Date Project Methodology or Project Life Cycle Scope of Project à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" phases of the selected project methodology Project Review Methods Interim Milestones or Critical Dates Tasks by Project Phase (or order to accomplish) Assemble Project Team into key functional areas Brainstorm every possible task Identify Categories to organise task Personnel Responsible Available to Accomplish each task Determine Skill Level necessary to perform each task Identify Task Dependencies Which tasks can be done in parallel Which tasks require the completion of other tasks before they can start Project Control or Review Points Project Cost Estimation and Cost-benefit Analysis Communications Plan Communications within the Project Management Team, the CEO and the Board of Directors, Staff, and the Supplier is key to effectively managing the Project. Communications will influence and inspire others to take ownership of the project and become fully engaged in their roles and responsibilities. Communications objectives Keep staff informed Motivate staff Encourage leadership in the Project Develop coaching and mentoring Nominate Project buddies Minimum disruption to services to members/clients Policy and Procedures manual reference for communications processes Written: emails, staff newsletters, questionnaires, surveys, instruction sheets, Policies Procedures Manuals Verbal: focus groups, meetings, training workshops and stand alone individual training Implementation Plan The Implementation stage is the procedural control stage and critical to the success of the project. A great plan can still fail if the implementation is not carefully executed. Successful implementation depends on two main factors: Careful planning Implementation Strategy à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" eg stand alone, parallel Develop systems and procedures for systems maintenance/ information management / staff training Procedure Control Electronic and hard copy versions are identical Intranet site Keep all versions updated Nominate a procedure controller and distribution method for all systems Sensitivity to those involved in the process and/or affected by it Link to Communications Plan Training needs analysis Identify skills gap Identify staff who have special needs, benefit from individual training, coaching, mentoring Develop follow up (evaluation and monitoring mechanisms) Support Tasks The execution of support tasks are of relative importance to the success of the project. Monitoring and maintaining Legal, OHS, Privacy, and Security information Procedure for System information quality checks Quality Plan for quality management and control Inspections and testing Document control à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" procedures and standards Celebrate Project Milestones Completed Project Celebration Staff Incentives for Project Champions Staff Training Plan The introduction of the new database system will require a training process to equip all staff with the necessary skills and competencies to manage their new job roles. A well developed staff training program will develop the employee through the acquisition of knowledge, new skills, and attitudes for future growth opportunities: Minimum disruption strategy Gradual phase in for changes Training Needs Analysis Skills audit Identify gap training Identify staff trainers Identify Systems Administrators Training in small groups Rotate training Some face-to-face training Some self-paced Training out of hours and time in lieu Combine off-site training Monitor budget for overtime, time in lieu Plan to train new staff Develop Competency Maintenance plans for keeping on-going training up to date The Training Analysis Chart on the following page is a schematic representation of the key factors influencing successful training programs. Meetings Plan Meetings are necessary and a useful tool but not automatically effective. Four basic meetings principles incorporated into the Meeting Plan schedule will enhance meetings effectiveness. Make sure that enough has changed to justify a meeting Have an agenda and a purpose for each meeting à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" concise, focussed, motivating Send out action summary after each meeting à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" an action summary allocates responsibilities and is more effective than minutes Model desired behaviour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" arrive on time, take meetings seriously, target the agenda and outcomes, finish on time Monitoring Evaluation Plan A two stage review and analysis of the success, effectiveness, and maintenance of the Project. A future plan to ensure that monitoring and evaluation of the system takes place at regular future intervals and that changing organisation and technological needs are met. Stage 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Initial Evaluation (conducted immediately after Implementation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" within 1-2 months) Objectives What organisational, staff, client, and industry goals have been achieved What changes in roles and responsibilities have occurred What changes in organisation structure have taken place Outcomes What improvements have been made: better system for staff to work with, better service to clients and suppliers, now industry experts, stronger research and able to better lobby to governments What changes in organisation culture have occurred What improvements have occurred in staff conditions: increased staff morale, better trained staff, What systems, procedures, and communications have improved Analysis Tools for ensuring systems are functioning correctly Communications with staff: questionnaires, meetings, emails, newsletters, individual and department reviews Consult on quality: focus groups interview operators/supervisors, random staff members use questionnaires Evaluate training, coaching, and mentoring effectiveness Evaluate and seek feedback on OHS Monitor sick leave Redefine staff roles Measure quality of work and time management against previous manual system Seek feedback from clients Manage changes to organisation culture Record all observations, examine, report, action, and give feedback Stage 2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" On-Going Evaluation, Monitoring, and Maintenance Continuing to monitor the completed project will identify tasks or areas that require adjusting or improvement, maintain the project, and provide further lessons for future project management. Identify what has been learned from the Project What lessons are useful for future projects à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" document and include in standards manuals if appropriate Monitoring Procedure Documented in Policy Procedures manuals How often to evaluate What methods to use for evaluation What strategies or processes should be reviewed Who will carry out review Manage with timeframes Maintain security Passwords Virus(es) protection Internet and Intranet security risks Confidentiality agreements Maintain Standard Practices manual à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" include control procedures Tools for evaluating and monitoring GANTT chart to monitor Forms for any changes to documents Check sheets Weekly tracking sheets Control charts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" checks against Project Plan Performance measures Feedback from internal/external clients Observations Reporting Systems valuable tool to manage compliance to on-going project status Incorporate into GANTT Monitoring chart Customised to the project and the organisation Design specific report formats to give the information needed Allocate specific reporting responsibilities Staff Training Professional development for all staff Train the Trainers On-Line Learning Training manuals Coaching / mentoring Buddy(ing) Budget Plan Budget reporting process Determine budget for each allocated item Determine Budget Schedule for phased Supplier payments Develop checking system for processing and paying invoices Review Budget weekly Conduct audit on payments made prior to final payment to Supplier Check over-time and time in lieu Contingency Plan Organisations and projects, now matter which industry, share some commonality in the problems they generally encounter. The Contingency Plan is useful in identifying some problems, and solutions to cause minimal disruption, or at least before the problems become insurmountable. The following table identifies key problem areas and possible solutions. Contingency Plan Common Problems and Possible Solutions Human Resources Changes on organisational structure Changes in organisational culture Change management strategies Change in systems Growth or decline in roles and responsibilities Manage staff concerns Provide additional training Establish work buddies Coaching / Mentoring Identify replacements for each key team member Cross-train for critical skills Equipment/Facilities Allow for equipment or facilities failure Negotiate commitments for key equipment and facilities in advance Pilot out of hours Use independent PCs so that other data is unaffected Capital Expenditure Determine the organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s budget cycle and know financial commitments in case of unforeseen expenditure on capital equipment Costs Monitor budget closely Allow Slack-time resources At least one weekà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s leeway Eliminate nonessential items Substitute less costly resources Use incentives or offer a bonus for improved costs or delivery ahead or on time Administrative Procedures Develop detailed operating procedures and standards Administration Communication Implementation Support Tasks Staff Training Meetings Monitoring/Evaluating Budget Review Treat support activities as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“internal customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Contracting Closely monitor Supplierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work progress Plan for possibility that Supplier may not complete job Document sub-contract requirements Demand compliance Ensure product liability Prepare for another supplier to carry on Schedule Slippage Ensue project management team works closely together If one person cannot complete project ensure another is up to date and carry on Make allowance for tasks and activities that are out of sequence or not started or completed on time Recover during later steps Shift resources Allow one weekà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s leeway in deadlines On-going Monitoring, Maintenance, Evaluation, Effectiveness Plans Post project review (possibly six months post implementation) at an appropriate point will provide many à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“rear sightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  observations that will, again, be useful for future project planning. It will also determine the projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s continued effectiveness and the need for non-going monitoring, maintenance, and evaluation of systems, policies and procedures. Evaluation Chart à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Project Review and Audit Criteria Procedure Performance Financial Audit on accounting systems Assess return on investment, assess cost variances to Plan Time Conformance to Plan Customer satisfaction with the timelines of completion and the costs required to provide this Quality Conformance to quality Performance level of project output, perceptions of quality by customers and stakeholders Human Resources Treatment in accordance with contract/ legal conditions of employment, or organisational policy Team spirit, motivation, attitude survey Environmental Conformance to policy set out in environmental management manual Absolute level of environmental impact of project activities Project planning Conformance to Plan Cost of the planning process assessed and appropriateness of techniques Project control Were measures in place and did corrective action take place? Did the control activities provide the basis for significant improvements actions? Appendix Sample questionnaire BIBLIOGRAPHY Principles of Supervision à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 1st and 2nd Level Managers Muczyk, Schwartz, Smith Supervision in Action Claude S George Jr., Kris Cole Supervision: The Theory and Practice of First-Line Management Kris Cole Practical Project Management Michael Dobson Project Management à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2nd Edition Harvey Maylor Management, A Pacific Rim Focus Bartol, Martin,Tein, Matthews Appendix Staff Survey / Questionnaire on Project Effectiveness

Why is There No 1890 Census

A federal census was taken in the United States in 1890, as it had been every decade since 1790. It was especially notable for being the first federal census  to provide a separate schedule form for each family, a method that would not be used again until 1970. The result was a volume of papers that far exceeded that of the previous ten federal censuses combined, which Carroll D. Wright, Commissioner of Labor, implied in his 1900 report on The History and Growth of the United States Census may have driven the ill-fated decision not to make copies. The first damage to the 1890 census occurred on 22 March 1896, when a fire in the Census Building badly damaged the original schedules relating to mortality, crime, pauperism, and benevolence, and the special classes (deaf, dumb, blind, insane, etc.), as well as a portion of the transportation and insurance schedules. First-person accounts claim that carelessness resulted in an unnecessary delay in fighting the fire, yet another tragedy to the 1890 census.1  These damaged 1890 special schedules were believed to have been later destroyed by an order from the Department of the Interior. The U.S. National Archives was not established until 1934, so the remaining 1890 census schedules, including the population schedules, were languishing in the basement of the Department of Commerce Building in Washington, DC, when fire broke out in January 1921, damaging a good portion of the 1890 census schedules. Many organizations, including the National Genealogical Society and Daughters of the American Revolution petitioned that the remaining damaged and waterlogged volumes be preserved. Despite this public outcry, however, thirteen years on 21 February 1933 Congress authorized the destruction of the surviving 1890 schedules, deeming them as useless papers under an Act originally passed by Congress on  16 February 1889 as an â€Å"Act to authorize and provide for the disposition of useless papers in the Executive Departments.2 The damaged, but surviving, 1890 federal census schedules were, unfortunately, among the last papers disposed of under this act, an act soon thereafter succeeded by the 1934 law establishing the National Archives. In the 1940s and 1950s a few bundles of surviving census schedules from 1890 were discovered and moved to the National Archives. However, just 6,160 names were recovered from these surviving fragments of a census which originally counted nearly 63 million Americans. ----------------------------------------------------- Sources: Harry Park, Careless Fire Service Claimed, The Morning Times, Washington, D.C., 23 March 1896, page 4, col. 6.U.S. Congress,  Disposition of Useless Papers in the Department of Commerce, 72nd Congress, 2nd Session, House Report No. 2080 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1933), no. 22 Schedules, population 1890, original.   For Further Research: Dorman, Robert L. The Creation and Destruction of the 1890 Federal Census. The American Archivist, Vol. 71 (Fall/Winter 2008) : 350–383.Blake, Kellee. First in the Path of the Firemen: The Fate of the 1890 Population Census. Prologue, Vol. 28, no. 1 (Spring 1996) : 64–81.

Supply Chain Management Zara s Strategy - 847 Words

According to Motiwalla (2011) â€Å"Supply chain management is the science of developing a strategy to organize, control, and motivate the resources involved in the flow of services and materials within the supply chain.† (P. 305). In fact, Zara’s strategy in the clothing retail business is to comprehend the customers needs, produce new fast styles of clothing, and market it for sale using efficient information systems to gather information, manage product, inventory and distribution. Likewise, Limited Brads strategy managed to consolidate their technology operations into a single shared service for all of its brands using chain technologies and processes to drive the speed to market requirements. First, â€Å"Retail companies have become involved in supply chain management in order to control product quality, inventory levels, timing, and expenses.† (About money). For this reason, Zara’s strategy ensured that its supply chain capabilities supported its ability to satisfy the targeted customers. In addition, Zara collects information on customer needs, integrates data with design, manufacturing and distribution functions. With this in mind, Zara concentrated its product to short lead time, lower quantities, more styles and use an effective distribution system. Similarly, Limited Brands, shifted to a high end product line that required a strategy to bring product to market and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, Limited Brands management approved the project of building a globalShow MoreRelatedZara Postponement Strategy1702 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The case of Zara – The Postponement strategy I) Introduction In order to compete in the world of rising globalization and shortening of product life cycle nowadays, firms have to deal with the demand for increasing product variety to meet the diverse needs of customers. 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Human Resource Management and Leadership

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management and Leadership. Answer: Introduction Leadership is the most crucial part of Human resource management of an organization. If you consider the organization and the employees regarding it, Leadership always plays a vital role. Likewise, the newer research in case of human resource management differs considerably from older research. Older research has always focused on administrative subjects of assortment, compensation and all. Whereas the newer research always keeps its focus on serving the strategic interest of the organization and how HRM may increase the capacity of the employees of the particular organization. These two strategies of research have developed all along together. Much of the leadership phenomena in human resource management stresses the reasoning and moving relationship among the leader and the organizational employees and thus differ leadership from the administration of objective systems. Leadership always puts a primary effect outside of the so-called administrative system of the organization. It ca n take any organization to the highest level of success. Background of the project HRM is a very important topic for the research proposal. There are many significant factors of HRM department are critically described in this proposal. In addition in this research proposal the research problem, aim, objectives and questions are critically examined. Problem The main problem of this project is to find the strategies of a leader to improve the human resource management of a particular organization. The leader will make him sufficient enough by taking the best strategies to improve the particular organization. Also there are some bigger issues rather than this where a leader will have to face more than one challenge while running a particular organization. The way of handling the challenge matters and that is where the problem arises. Moreover every organization wants put good impact upon the market, so finding the strategies of putting good impact on the market can be considered as one of the research problems here. These are the main problems which are being resolved in this research proposal. Problem statement The problem statement of HRM mainly relies upon few points: Lack of ability causes enough problems to the organization. Often the employees are unable to complete mentioned tasks within the given period(Gilbert, De Winne, Sels, 2015). There are two things which mainly affect the employees, either they lack in confidence, or just they don't have the patience to fulfill a particular task. Lack of motivation is another important issue which can harm any organization. The employees of any organization always want to be motivated by someone("HRM and Quantitatives: Decision Tree and Vector Analysis in HRM Theory", 2014). They always try to follow a person who is experienced and good enough in the particular field. If the organization doesnt have a quality leader, a huge problem will arise for the organization in the future. Lack of training, lack of consistency, lack of self-confidence of the employees of an organization is very harmful(Dessler, 2000). It severely effects the organization very often. Aim of the research The main aim of this research is to provide the best environment for the employees in the organization. Their ethical requirements are the main points to be considered. Providing a friendly environment for the employees is the prime aim of this research. Research objectives The objectives of research are as follows: To improve the human resource management of an organization the leader needs to take some strategies. These strategies have to be followed by the employees by whom they can improve themselves as well as the organization. To face any challenges in the human resource in an organization. The leader of the organization will always be ready to face any challenges along with the employees of the organization. To put an impact on business process and growth the leader must come forward in every aspect because an organizational improvement always puts a good impact on the outer market. The employees of the organization must follow the path of the leader now and then especially in this case. Research Justification It has become very difficult to see the world around us in a uni-dimensional way and use only single criteria in judging what we see. In these cases the leaders of human resource management of an organization need to take the organization to another level of success, they should achieve the goal in a disciplined way. Today mankind has replaced the old technologies with modern science methods(Ulrich, Losey, Miesinger, 2005). The usage of modern science has made the people take the best decisions in a given situation. A perfect leader of HRM of an organization will try to make anything possible to do to achieve a particular goal. Where the employees play their best role and ready to do anything that the situations demand. Literature review A literature review is one of the most important and preliminary steps of a research proposal. It is an extended report of information which we can find in many types of literature study such as, books, quotes, and journals (Mondy, Noe, Gowan, 2005). The main work of the review is to summarize, evaluate, clarify and describe the various aspects of researches. It gives a theoretical clarification for the study and it also helps to decide the nature of the research. In this research, we can find some basic points to describe the literature review, for example, the significance of leadership in human resource management, the relationship between the human resource management and leadership of an organization, Significance of leadership on human resource management Human resource management, as well as a human resource manager, is one of the most important parts of an organization(Armstrong Armstrong, 2011). Their works are more or less similar to the leaders of the organization but they only look after the employee related issues and deal with their primary requirements. On the other hand, the leaders take the responsibility of many aspects, like employee satisfaction, production procedure, customer feedback and so many. The main job of the leader of an organization is to provide the required facilities to the workers of the organization including the human resource manager and also to motivate them towards their task. Leaders of an organization are someone who is respected by all workers. The employees including the human resource managers like to follow someone who is respected by them. So it is their responsibility to maintain their self-respect among the workers. The leaders always motivate and influence the leaders. John Quincy Adams sta ted that if a leaders actions influence others to learn more, do more and to dream more, he is a successful leader. The leaders motivate the human resource manager to do their work properly and with confidence. As the human resource managers look after the employee related issues they need to be very supportive and influential towards the workers of the organization(Mathis Jackson, 2003). Thus it the responsibility of the leaders to look after the basic requirements of the human resource managers(Noe, 2006). For example, John C. Maxwell has said that the leader is someone who goes the right way, knows the right way and always shows the right way to the workers as well as the human resource managers. There are some factors or aspects that a leader should follow to motivate the workers and the human resource managers of an organization. There is no end to the learning process. So the leaders should not stop learning. That will help them to manage their workers with more skills and co nfidence. The leaders should also maintain a pleasant communication and relationship with the workers and the human resource managers. Otherwise, it will cause disobedience by the workers and human resource managers. According to Ray Krok, the qualities of a leader is always reflected in the values they place on themselves(Giuliani Kurson, 2002). Relationship between leadership and human resource management Leadership and human resource management both are equally important to run an organization successfully(Armstrong Armstrong, 2009). Both the fields are complimentary to each other. The job a human resource manager is to provide mental support and other basic requirements to the employees. Suppose if the employee is having any difficulty with his work he can ask help to the human resource manager. So the human resource manager has to be there with the workers whenever there is any difficulty or crisis and to solve it with appropriate skill and confidence(Stander Rothmann, 2009). They also need to look after other issues related to employee satisfaction. For example, if a worker is working for the extra time he is getting his overtime remuneration or not. Other than these another important task of a human resource manager is to recruit workers for an organization. So a human resource manager must have the potential to know his employees and to motivate them. Arsene Wenger has said tha t one of the most important things about managing employees is to influence them in a positive way. That is what a human resource manager is all about. Similarly, a leader of an organization has to look after some aspects which even include the employee satisfaction of workers as well as the human resource managers(Saravani, 2014). They also have to look after the production procedure of the organization as well as the customer feedback. So the basic job of both leaders and human resource manager is more or less similar which is to motivate the employees. Peter Drucker stated that management of an organization always does the things right where the leader does the right thing. Influence of the leaders to the work environment of human resource managers Another most important point of an organization is the work environment of in which the employees, as well as the human resource manager, do their job. For an organization, the work environment is the most important aspect. If the work environment is not supportive of satisfactory to the workers, then it will result in the downfall of the company or the organization. That is why it the responsibility of the leader to provide the workers and the human resource manager a better work environment(Anderson, Butler, Harbridge, 2016). Otherwise, it may cause disobedience among the workers which are obviously not good for the organization as a whole. Thomas Aquinas has said that if the main aim of a leader is to preserve his ship he would keep it in the port forever. Another aspect is included in this point which is the behavioral factor. If the leader ever behaves rudely with workers or the human resource manager, then it will create an unpleasant communication or relationship between them which will surely be harmful or the organization or the company. Arnold H. Glasow said that a great leader always takes a slightly more than his share of guilt and takes a slightly less than his share of the praise. Conceptual framework Research question What strategies need to be taken by a leader to improve the human resource management of an organization? What challenges are faced by the human resource department of an organization? How does human resource management put impacts on business process and growth? Research hypothesis This research will be proved to be very helpful in building a good leader as well as an organization. There is enough information in this research which can develop a good efficient leader. The leader then can build a perfect HRM for that particular organization. Strategies need to be followed; challenges are to be faced, and there will be an outcome which will put a good impact upon the world. You need to influence the employee by putting a good impression upon them; you must motivate them to do their duties. This will help the employees as well as the organization in their future growth. Research methodology Research approach The approach of this research is to build a perfect HRM for an organization. Developing a perfect leader is also one of the approaches to this research. There are many methods which are mentioned above already by which you will get to know how an HRM of an organization gets built up. To build a good leader we must build a group of perfect supporting stuff by motivating them, by giving them all the facilities, by setting a perfect example in front of them. That motivation, that example is none other than the leader of the organization himself or herself. Research design The research design is mainly known as the documental part of the research. The research design tells us the parts and the sub-parts like dependent variables, experimental design, research question etc. This thesis is totally dependent on the employee performance is review research design and descriptive("Rethinking Design Data", 2013). A design with details means hypothesis depends on the survey and realistic observation. On the other side, many of them want to say that literature builds the hypothesis. Sampling method The requirement and the nature of the study stay unaffected by the dimension of the sample. It suggests that the case of individual investigation has no responsibilities. Then the sample frame will be benefited from the specialties of production store of that particular organization. Besides this, the professionals don't think about the size of illustration further more. Data collection method The data collection method is known as the procedure of measuring as well as collecting information and data on directed variables. The process of data collection is recognized in a methodical fashion. It then uses individuals to give a reply to some questions and measure the result. There are two types of data collection such as primary and secondary data collection method. Primary data collection is the process when original data is collected(Alshenqeeti, 2014). Secondary data collection happens when data are collected from sources of books, websites etc. Types of analysis The thing which is used in data analysis is known as the types of analysis. For example, this project is based on building a strong leader for a human resource management of an organization, the data analysis of this research is based on observation and descriptive data analysis. Qualitative and quantitative are the two types of data analysis. Just because qualitative data analysis includes observation and description, here we have used qualitative data analysis. Research instrument When it is needed to find the strategies of any research we use research instruments. In data collection technique the tool which is used is called the research instruments. Its the responsibility of the researcher to guarantee that the chosen instrument is valid as well as reliable. In this research, the tools are reading and observation. Research Outcome In this research, you will get to know how to maintain a human resource management system of an organization by a good leader. The technique of research is more advanced today, leaders of the new generation are modern enough to learn everything perfectly. They adapt to survive. The main focused point of this research is to take the HRM of a particular organization to another level. Organization of study The organization study is as follows: Section I: This section of the project consists the introduction part which has the problem statements, research questions, research objectives and research rationale as its subparts. Section II: Conceptual framework is the main part of this section Section III: Literature review and research hypothesis are the parts of this section. Section IV: This section consists of the research methodology and Research Approach, Research design, Sampling Method, Data collection method, Types of Analysis, Research instrument as its subparts Section V: Research outcome, Gantt chart and Project budget justification are discussed here in this section. Gantt chart Project budget and budget justification The budget is mentioned for the mentioned reason Literature Review: Use of journal articles, books and online resources which are not free of cost at all. It costs $1000. Data collection: Sometimes collecting data requires some post services where electronic mail does not work. It will cost around $2000. Data Analysis: Incase of analyzing chart tables and data from other resources it takes a fair amount of money to do so. It costs $1000. In Total Conclusion The above research proposal gives us an elaborative idea on the relation between leadership and the human resource management of an organization or company, how much they are connected to each other and also how their works and performance is complimentary to each other. Not only this but this research has helped us also to learn the various aspects related to both the fields. At the end of the research or to conclude the research it must be admitted that both human resource management and the leadership is equally important for the development of a company or the organization. And both are needed to be developed as well. The difference between the mentioned fields is just that leadership is about something more extended. It acquires several extra aspects in comparison with human resource management. Though human resource management only deals with the employee related issues that is one of the most important parts of a company. Without the help of the human resource manager, the emp loyees would not be able to do their work properly. And when it comes to the decision-making process of any idea or suggestion the opinion of the human research manager is something that matters. They have the right to take the final decision. On the other hand, the leaders are responsible for more or less every aspect of the organization. They have to control their employees and also the human resource manager and also have to concentrate on the production procedure of the company and also look after the feedback of the customers. Without the help of the leaders, no employees or workers including the human resource managers would be able to do their work with proper skill and confidence. In all the above research proposal I very helpful in understanding the need of various fields, their objectives, methodology and implementation of various latest ideas to develop an organization or a company as a whole. References Alshenqeeti, H. (2014). Interviewing as a Data Collection Method: A Critical Review.ELR,3(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v3n1p39 Anderson, S., Butler, D., Harbridge, L. (2016). Legislative Institutions as a Source of Party Leaders' Influence.Legislative Studies Quarterly. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsq.12124 Armstrong, M. Armstrong, M. (2009).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. London: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M. Armstrong, M. (2011).Armstrong's handbook of strategic human resource management. London: Kogan Page. Dessler, G. (2000).Human resource management. 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